地热发电流程How geothermal energy is used to produce electricity

The diagram illustrates how a geothermal power plant harnesses underground heat (also known as geothermal heat) to produce electricity. Overall, the process has five major stages: cold water injection, heating the water using geothermal heat, pumping heated water to the surface, steam generation, and finally, electricity production using a turbine. In the first phase of this process, cold water stored in a surface reservoir is pumped down through an injection well that reaches approximately 4.5 kilometres beneath the Earth’s surface. This deep well carries the water into a geothermal zone composed of very hot rocks, where the water absorbs geothermal heat and becomes superheated. Next, this heated water travels upward via a production well to the surface, where it is routed into a condenser. In the condenser, the pressure is lowered, causing the hot water to convert into steam. This steam then flows toward a turbine, causing its blades to spin rapidly. The rotating turbine drives a connected generator, thereby producing electricity, which is then delivered to the power grid through power lines.